AI and Big Data Resources

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Perhaps never in the history of science has a suite of technologies inspired more work to identify ethics and governance issues, and suggest best practices. Institutional, academic, governmental and other organizations have generated numerous reports, white papers and analyses – so many that sorting and tracking them is a challenge. A selection of some of these documents is available here.

Professional, Academic Societies

• Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Advancing Technology for Humanity, Ethically Aligned Design. This work is published under the auspices of the IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems for the purposes of furthering public understanding of the importance of addressing ethical considerations in the design of autonomous and intelligent systems.
• National Academy of Medicine, Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: The Hope, the Hype, the Promise, the Peril (2019)
• National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, Medicine, Planning for Long-Term Use of Biomedical Data: Proceedings of a Workshop (2020)
• Nuffield Council on Bioethics, Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare and Research. Ethical Considerations for the use of AI in healthcare and research

NGOs

• Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), AI and Machine Learning
• Sage Bionetworks, Bringing Structure and Design to Data Governance and Mechanisms to Govern Responsible Sharing of Open Data: A Progress Report
• UNESCO, Artificial intelligence with human values for sustainable development
  
• United Nations, A UN system-wide strategic approach and roadmap for supporting capacity development on artificial intelligence
• World Economic Forum, Model AI Governance Framework

Governments  

• European Union, COCIR, Analysis on AI in medical Device Legislation
• U.S. Food & Drug Administration
  • Digital Health Center of Excellence 
  • Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML)-Based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) Action Plan (2021)
• U.S. Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT, JASON Report Task Force (2014)

Academia

• SHERPA, EU-funded project which analyses how AI and analytics impact ethics and human rights, Shaping the Ethical Dimensions of Smart Information Systems.

Law, Legislation, Governance

• International Medical Device Regulators Forum, an international group of medical device regulators.
• Open Access Series of the Interdepartmental Research Centre, European Centre for Law, Science and New Technologies (ECLT), University of Pavia. Data-Driven Decision Making. Law, Ethics, Robotics, Health
• Datos Protegidos, a Chilean site devoted to data protection, privacy law, cybersecurity, etc.

Military and Warfare

• U.S. Department of Defense. Ethical Principles for Using Artificial Intelligence in Warfare.

Journals

• AI and Ethics. Springer.

Biomedical Informatics: History and Miscellany

• U.S. National Library of Medicine, Long Range Plan (1987)
• UK Data Service, Big Data and Data Sharing: Ethical issues. This is a brief introduction to ethical issues arising in social research with big data.
• United States Department of Defense, Ethical Principles for Using Artificial Intelligence in Warfare.
• Ethics of AI in Radiology: European and North American Multisociety Statement. This statement arises from the multi-national radiology community's desire to examine the ethics and code of behavior for artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. A comprehensive approach to ethical concerns in response for the use of new technologies.
• European Parliament, EU guidelines on ethics in artificial intelligence: Context and implementation. This document aims to shed some light on the ethical rules that are now recommended when designing, developing, deploying, implementing or using AI products and services in the EU
• Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). This report presents key insights and policy messages from the OECD Going Digital project, which was carried out over 2017-18 under the leadership of the OECD Committee on Digital Economy Policy.
• Guidance for Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the U.S.: Executive Order 13859,"Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence". Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 31 Thursday, February 14, 2019.
• Baylor College of Medicine: Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Medical Information Commons Project, explores the ethical, legal, and social implications of health-related data sharing and various non-technical challenges to the formation and sustainability of commons.

Think Tanks

• The Hastings Center, Control and Responsible Innovation in the Development of AI and Robotics Draft Final Report.
• Rand Corporation, "Face Recognition Technologies: Designing Systems that Protect Privacy and Prevent Bias." Report is "intended to help improve U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) acquisition and oversight of FRTs by describing their opportunities and challenges."

Regional Initiatives

• European Commission, White Paper on Artificial Intelligence - A European approach to excellence and trust. The purpose of this White Paper is to set out policy options on how to address risks associated with the use of Artificial Intelligence.
• European Parliament, The ethics of artificial intelligence: Issues and initiatives. This study deals with the ethical implications and moral questions that arise from the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.
• AI Latin American Summit. Proceedings of the January 2020 Artificial Intelligence Latin American Summit. This report offers a comprehensive description of the current AI governance in the region, perspectives for the use of AI in several Latin American countries, and recommendations for AI use in the judiciary, industry, education, and health sectors.
• Library of the Congress, Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: East/South Asia and the Pacific.