Perhaps never in the history of science has a suite of technologies inspired more work to identify ethical and governance issues, and suggest best practices. Institutional, academic, governmental and other organizations have generated numerous reports, white papers and analyses – so many that sorting and tracking them is a challenge. A selection of some of these documents is available here.
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Adam Harvey/megapixels.cc. Images from the MegaFace face recognition training and benchmarking datasetWorld Health Organization
"The WHO guidance on Ethics & Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health is the product of 18 months of deliberation amongst leading experts in ethics, digital technology, law, human rights, as well as experts from Ministries of Health." Several Collaborating Centers, including that at the University of Miami, contributed to the document, which is available here. An online course based on the report, and to which UM also contributed, is here.
Professional, Academic Societies
- ACM
- Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Advancing Technology for Humanity
- Ethically Aligned Design. This work is published under the auspices of the IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems for the purposes of furthering public understanding of the importance of addressing ethical considerations in the design of autonomous and intelligent systems.
- National Academy of Medicine
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, Medicine
- Nuffield Council on Bioethics
NGOs
- Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT)
- Coalition for Health AI
- Sage Bionetworks
- UNESCO
- United Nations
- World Economic Forum
Foreign Governments [see also "Regional Initiatives," below]
- Chile
- European Commission
- European Parliament
- Council of Europe
U.S. Government
- Food & Drug Administration
- National Institutes of Health, Advisory Committee to the Director
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC)
- U.S. Veterans Administration
- White House
Academia
Law, Legislation, Governance
- Clearinghouse Project, a University of North Carolina School of Law resource.
- International Medical Device Regulators Forum, an international group of medical device regulators.
- Datos Protegidos, a Chilean site devoted to data protection, privacy law, cybersecurity, etc.
- Data-Driven Decision Making. Law, Ethics, Robotics, Health. Open Access Series of the Interdepartmental Research Centre, European Centre for Law, Science and New Technologies (ECLT), University of Pavia.
Military and Warfare
- U.S. Department of Defense
Journals
Biomedical Informatics: History and Miscellany
- U.S. National Library of Medicine
- UK Data Service
- United States Department of Defense
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- European Parliament
- OECD
- Baylor College of Medicine: Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy
- Medical Information Commons Project, explores the ethical, legal, and social implications of health-related data sharing and various non-technical challenges to the formation and sustainability of commons.
- Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 31
Think Tanks
- The Hastings Center
- Rand Corporation
Regional Initiatives
- OECD
- Library of the Congress
- AI Latin American Summit Proceedings of the January 2020 Artificial Intelligence Latin American Summit. This report offers a comprehensive description of the current AI governance in the region, perspectives for the use of AI in several Latin American countries, and recommendations for AI use in the judiciary, industry, education, and health sectors.
Creation of this resource was supported by a grant from the WHO. Please send corrections and suggestions for additions to ethics@miami.edu.
November 2023
